Earmarks need to be ended permanently

Earmarks are generally regarded as specific funding requests by a member of congress to be directed to a home state or district project or organization. These requests are generally outside of specific government agency funding requests and the federal government agency whose appropriation bill the earmark is included in has no authorization or control over the expenditure. According to Taxpayers for Common Sense (www.taxpayer.net) the current FY08 appropriations contain just a hair over $18 billion dollars in totaling $14.8 billion in sponsored congressional requests, and another $3.5 billion dollars in earmarks that had no congressional sponsor identified.

Earmarks are seldom added to an appropriations bill while it is being constructed, but rather during the conference phase where the two houses of the congress get together to work out differences between the two house’s respective legislation. And in this conference phase is where the real “you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours” of our current political environment comes into play. This is where the seniority of a congress member comes into play, since the more senior a member of congress is, the more likely he or she is going to get their little pet project funding into a piece of legislation, because their support is needed either to support another piece of legislation, or their weight and support for an earmark for a lesser senior member of congress is desired to ensure that earmark gets included.

Much has been made this election year on earmarking by congress, particularly by Senator McCain, who had zero earmarks associated with the FY 08 appropriations, according to TCS, while Senator Clinton had $342.4 million, and Senator Obama had $98.6. Many projects or organizations funded through earmarks are truly worthwhile causes and do bring jobs, funding, and needed projects to the individual state or precinct. The problem with earmarks is that Citizens against Government Waste estimates that 98 percent of earmarks are added during the conference phase, and are not voted on by the full membership of either house as a stand alone appropriation. This behind the scenes back scratching between members of congress puts the rest of the members of congress in the situation of having to vote for critical federal funding legislation as a whole containing the earmarks. If a member decides to vote against a funding bill due to particular earmarks, they risk suffering the backlash from fellow house members, senators, and constituents for holding up needed government appropriations.

Each of the individual earmarks in and of themselves may not seem like a lot of money, but a couple million here and a couple hundred thousand there, multiplied by a little over eleven thousand individual items, and you start talking about real money. The need to remove the ability to insert earmarks into needed pieces of legislation is becoming more and more imperative, at a time when we are running such large deficits, and funding two external wars. If a particular project or organization’s funding is important enough to take a portion of everyone’s tax dollars, then it is important enough to stand alone as an appropriation line item and be subjected to full congress scrutiny as the spending bills are constructed. The time to eliminate earmarks from the federal budget process has come.